nickel toxicity to humans

Nickel | ToxFAQs™ | ATSDR . Some of these toxic symptoms include: Abdominal pain (6) Asthma (1) Blue color may appear on the skin (3) Bronchitis (1) Cancer - oral, lung, or intestinal (11) Cyanosis (6) Chronic Cough (6) Nickel, a known heavy metal is found at very low levels in the environm … Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences. PDF Evidence on the Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity of ... It is an extremely toxic substance and induces systemic poisoning, with the lungs and brain being especially susceptible targets. It is found in several foods including nuts, dried beans and peas, soybeans, grains, and chocolate.The body needs nickel, but in very small amounts. Workers may be harmed from exposure to nickel. It may derive from natural sources and anthropogenic activity. Nickel may also be ingested or absorbed through the skin. PDF Effect of nickel toxicity on growth, photosynthetic ... Heavy Metal Toxicity in Humans Godwill Azeh Engwa, Paschaline Udoka Ferdinand, Friday Nweke Nwalo and Marian N. Unachukwu Abstract Several heavy metals are found naturally in the earth crust and are exploited for various industrial and economic purposes. Most nickel enters the body via food and water consumption, although inhalation exposure in occupational settings is a primary route for nickel-induced toxicity. Nickel toxicity to human term placenta: in vitro study on lipid peroxidation. Human Health Fact Sheet 3: Nickel and Metallic Alloys ... 2 gives a brief summary of toxic biological manifestation of nickel accumulation inside human body. 1956], an IDLH of 3 ppm would have been appropriate for nickel carbonyl. Our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of nickel toxicity and carcinogenicity is sketchy. According to the Institute of Medicine [223], nickel can cause . General Nickel Toxicity Information Nickel is a silver-white metal found in the earth's crust that is used to produce steel, nickel-cadmium batteries, heating fuel, nickel plating and ceramics. Because of its volatility and other unique properties, nickel tetracarbonyl has specialized industrial uses. Nickel is a silvery-white metal with a slight golden tinge that takes a high polish. It is found in several foods including nuts, dried beans and peas, soybeans, grains, and chocolate.The body needs nickel, but in very small amounts. Nickel has no known biological function, and is of medium toxicity to humans.The organic form of nickel is much more toxic than its inorganic forms. It is one of only four elements that are magnetic at or near room temperature, the others being iron, cobalt and gadolinium.Its Curie temperature is 355 °C (671 °F), meaning that bulk nickel is non-magnetic above this temperature. 1983, Sunderman et al. NICKEL ii DISCLAIMER The use of company or product name(s) is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the 2.4 Carcinogenic Metals Metals are emerging as an important class of human carcinogens. NICKEL got its name by the german word . The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described here. Nickel poisoning symptoms are generally minor at first, and for this reason many people do not immediately seek medical treatment. Having toxic metals in your body is like having sugar in your gas tank. The fact sheets are intended to assist the reader in understanding the complex issues and concepts associated with assessment of human . 2011) showed cytotoxicity, apoptosis and changes in protein levels after exposure to Ni NPs.Ahmad et al. 5.3.1 Supporting studies 35 . The chemical structure of nickel tetracarbonyl. Symptoms of nickel poisoning may include chest pain. Notable human health toxicity effects identified from human and/or animal studies include respiratory cancer, non-cancer toxicity effects following inhalation, dermatitis, and reproductive effects. 1994). Deficiency and toxicity: Toxicity is the main concern here-not from elemental nickel or the nickel found in foods but from inhaled nickel carbonyl, a carcinogenic gas that results from the reaction of nickel with heated carbon monoxide, from cigarette smoke, car exhaust, and some industrial wastes. Shortness of breath, headache, dizziness, and vague symptoms are generally first reported . Signs of Ni deficiency include depressed growth and reduced hematocrit. NICKEL U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry August 2005 . This is the third in a series of fact sheets addressing issues specific to the evaluation of risks to humans associated with nickel-containing substances and materials. Inhalation exposure may also affect non‐occupationally exposed individuals, mainly those who handle stainless The clinical symptoms and management of patients accidentally exposed are reviewed in considerable detail. Nausea, headaches, and several of the other warning signs might be incorrectly interpreted as the onset of the flu or some other temporary virus. NICKEL EFFECT ON HEALTH Human exposure to highly nickel-polluted environments causes a varie-ty of pathologic effects. 1983, Sunderman et al. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) 8.1.6 Ecotoxicity Values Production and use of nickel and its compounds can, however, result in additional exposures to humans and the environment. Some researchers found that human lung alveolar epithelial adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) (Magaye et al. It has been used for millennia, but it was first isolated in mid-18 th century and named for a German legendary mining character. It consists of nickel, which is carcinogenic, (1) bound to four molecules of carbon monoxide (toxic). Lung inhalation is the major route of exposure for nickel-induced toxicity. It is highly volatilized and readily dissociates in air. What are 3 uses for nickel? Since it is widely used in modern industries, the exposures and associated health problems are predominantly . The primary target organs are the kidneys and lungs. If you want more information on nickel and human health, NiPERA Inc. has produced two fact sheets on Nickel Allergic Contact . The Environmental Protection Agency, EPA, and Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OSHA, however, have established that nickel metal and water-soluble nickel compounds are toxic above 0.001 milligrams per liter of drinking water. Top of Page. 12, 13 Onset and Duration of . Pure nickel is a hard, silvery-white metal. Although nickel is ubiquitous in the environment, its functional role as a trace element for animals and human beings has not been yet recognized. Nickel is a very toxic metal and each person who has been exposed to the metal is affected in different ways, this can cause detoxification problems. Nickel has little tendency to accumulate in tissues of animals and humans. Among a variety of toxic mechanisms, disruption of protein responses and protein response-based biochemical pathways represents a key mechanism through which nickel induces cytotoxicity . About 10% of women and 2% of men are highly sensitive to nickel. Generally, ≥250 μg nickel/g of diet is needed to produce signs of nickel toxicity (e.g., depressed growth) in rats, mice, chickens, rabbits, and monkeys . [ 5] [ 6] Why is Nickel Toxic? 5.3.1 Supporting studies 35 . On occasion, nickel may trigger asthma attacks in asthma sufferers who are also sensitive to nickel. NICKEL U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry August 2005 . Only the inhalation route is associated with cancer and the tumors are local to the respiratory tract (sino-nasal and lung . These alloys are used to make coins, jewelry, and items such as valves and heat exchangers. Human Data Inhalation Nickel carbonyl is the most toxic nickel compound following acute exposure. The chemical features of nickel in human beings and the mechanisms of its toxicity are described and the attention is focused on strategies to remove nickel from the environment, such as phytoremediation and phytomining. Harmfull effects of Nickel are genotoxicity haematotoxicity, teratogenicity, immunotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Chen CY(1), Lin TH. In large doses (>0.5 g), some forms of nickel may be acutely toxic to humans when taken orally (Daldrup et al. Nickel compounds are classified under the European Union Classification, Labeling and Packaging (CLP) as Carc 1A, known to have carcinogenic potential to humans.A similar classification as Group 1 carcinogens was given by IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). The clinical symptoms and management of patients accidentally … Although nickel is ubiquitous in the environment, its functional role as a trace element for animals and human beings has not been yet recognized. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, sensitizer), of ingestion. Asthmatic conditions have also been documented for inhalation exposure to nickel (Goyer 1991). Nickel as NiCl 2 was applied to the soil in solution form @ 0mgL-1(Control), 25mg L-1, 50mg L-1, 100mg L-1 and 150mg L-1. group, nickel, is regarded as a human carcinogen by inhalation. 1988). Certain amounts of nickel are useful to the human body, but too much nickel can be toxic. The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done. 5.2 Acute Toxicity to Humans 32 . Because of its volatility and other unique properties, nickel tetracarbonyl has specialized industrial uses. What is nickel color? 5.2 Acute Toxicity to Humans 32 . 1983, Sunderman et al. (6) Chronic Effects (Noncancer): Dermatitis is the most common effect in humans from chronic dermal exposure to nickel. Nickel is a transition element extensively distributed in the environment, air, water, and soil. Exposure to nickel may lead to various adverse health effects, such as nickel allergy, contact dermatitis, and organ system-toxicity. Nickel is a silvery-white metal with a slight golden tinge that takes a high polish. Nickel carbonyl is produced as an intermediate in the refining of nickel, in the manufacture of high purity nickel . Developmental Effects . Nickel compounds are considered human carcinogens and metallic nickel is possibly a human carcinogen. In large doses (>0.5 g), some forms of nickel may be acutely toxic to humans when taken orally (Daldrup et al. The U.S. nickel contains 25% of nickel 5. It is not known if children are more susceptible to nickel poisoning than adults. Environmental pollution from nickel may be due to industry, the use of liquid and solid fuels, as well as municipal and industrial waste. Photo: Wikipedia. Nickel sulfate was the most toxic of the three compounds and nickel oxide was the least toxic. Exposure to nickel sulfate or nickel subsulfide also produced damage to the nasal olfactory epithelium. The risk that nickel poses to humans depends on the type of nickel substance, how people are exposed and to what levels, and the toxicity effects of concern, such as inhalation carcinogenicity or dermatitis. Toxicity. Fig. 5.4 Predisposing . Human toxicity data reveals mixed results but there is some evidence that hexavalent chromium can increase the risk of cancer. Among these heavy metals, a few have direct or indirect impact on the human body. Nickel carbonyl: toxicity and human health. Pure nickel is a hard, silvery-white metal used to make stainless steel and other metal alloys. Therefore, most nickel production is used for alloying elements, coatings, batteries, and some other uses, such as kitchen wares, mobile phones, medical equipment, transport, buildings . Dietary standards for trace nickel in human consumption are not established. Pulmonary and systemic toxicity following exposure to nickel nanoparticles Nanoparticles are being used in ever increasing numbers in a range of industrial and medical products. Large doses of nickel or prolonged contact with it could cause a variety of side effects. Effects of nickel toxicity on photosynthetic pigments and dry matter yield of Cicer arietinumApril 03, 2018 L. (Chickpea) varieties were observed. Expand Author information: (1)Research Center of Occupational Medicine, Third Hospital, Beijing Medical University, China. The soluble compounds, such as nickel acetate, were the most toxic, and the insoluble forms, such as nickel powder, were the least toxic. For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for NICKEL NITRATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. 5.3.2 Other studies 36 . NICKEL ii DISCLAIMER The use of company or product name(s) is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Nickel has long been known to be an important human toxicant, including having the ability to form carcinomas, but until recently nickel was believed to be an issue only to microorganisms living in nickel-rich serpentine soils or areas contaminated by industrial pollution. Some fatal cases were noted following exposure to nickel carbonyl, and by the early 1930s, nickel was Cases of nickel 2016) and human lung epithelial cell line NCI-H460 (Pietruska et al. In human studies of the potential for developmental toxicity of nickel, five cohort studies Lung cancer risk in relation to airborne levels of Cr(VI) was analyzed for chromium chemical production workers and a dose-response relationship was observed in that long-term workers had a higher lung cancer . It is highly irritant to the skin, and is toxic to the cardiovascular system, as well as being carcinogenic 5.4 Predisposing Conditions for Nickel Toxicity 43 . The immediate toxic effects of nickel carbonyl exposure are respiratory tract irritation and neurological symptoms. Humans who breathe high levels of nickel have suffered chronic bronchitis and reduced lung function. 1988). And it's always in the mood. 2007); generally, Ni concentration in soil and surface water is lower than 100 and 0.005 mg/kg, respectively (McIlveen and Negusantil 1994; McGrath 1995). Animal toxicity Nickel carbonyl [nickel tetracarbonyl, Ni (CO)4] is a colorless liquid-metal compound (boiling point, 43) and was discovered by Mond and co- workers in 1890. 1988). 5.3 Acute Toxicity to Experimental Animals 35 . Chamblee, GA 30341-3717. Nickel is a very abundant natural element. Nickel is a well-known contact allergen in humans; however, while T cell activation by nickel in fish gills is a potentially viable mechanism for an allergic response, it is not considered a likely mechanism of action for nickel toxicity in fish or invertebrates . Further information can be obtained by contacting the ATSDR Information Center at: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Nickel (Ni) is a hard, silvery-white metal that may cause irritation to the skin. Nickel is a transition element extensively distributed in the environment, air, water, and soil. It is an extremely toxic substance and induces systemic poisoning, with the lungs and brain being especially susceptible targets. It was discovered in 1751 4. Nickel contact can cause a variety of side effects on human health, such as allergy, cardiovascular and kidney diseases, lung fibrosis, lung and nasal cancer. No thanks. Nickel can combine with other elements such as chlorine, sulfur, and . Commonly described as having a musty or sooty odor. Phone: 1-800-CDC-INFO 888-232-6348 (TTY) Email: Contact CDC-INFO. At least five transition metals—arsenic, cadmium, chromium VI, beryllium, and nickel—are accepted as human carcinogens in one form or another or in particular routes of exposure (NTP, 2002). took the human liver (HepG2) cell line as the research object to explore the . It also causes reproductive toxicity and pulmonary toxicity besides being a carcinogenic agent [ 4 ]. Nickel is a silvery-white metal found naturally in the earth's crust. Nickel is a naturally occurring element. It is an extremely toxic substance and induces systemic poisoning . The use of DDTC was considered beneficial in a large number of anecdotal reports of human poisoning, although there are few adequately controlled human trials to support its effectiveness and lack of toxicity. Symptoms may be rapid or delayed; however, most serious toxicities occur within 2 days of exposure. Fact Sheet 3: Nickel and Metallic Alloys. In large doses (>0.5 g), some forms of nickel may be acutely toxic to humans when taken orally (Daldrup et al. for nickel‐induced toxicity in the respiratory tract, in the lung, and immune system. 4770 Buford Highway. This indicates it has chemical properties that enable it to form multiple chemical compounds, some of which are toxic. Toxicity. However, the revised IDLH for nickel carbonyl is 2 ppm based on being 2,000 times the current OSHA PEL of 0.001 ppm (2,000 is an assigned protection factor for respirators; only the "most reliable . Nickel carbonyl is toxic and can cause . Nickel can be combined with other metals, such as iron, copper, chromium, and zinc, to form alloys. Because of its volatility and other unique properties, nickel tetracarbonyl has specialized industrial uses. Nickel (Ni) is one of 23 metal pollutants, and it is seriously threatening our ecosystem and human health (Duda-Chodak and Baszczyk 2008).Ni is a natural component of water and soil (Hedfi et al. from low to high. Children's Health . Author information: (1)Department of Medical Technology, Foo-Yin Institute of Technology, and Graduate Institute of Medicine and School of Technology for Medical Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan, Republic of China. Nickel has been reported as an essential element in several animal species. Soluble nickel compounds tend to be more toxic than insoluble compounds (Goyer 1991). It is one of only four elements that are magnetic at or near room temperature, the others being iron, cobalt and gadolinium.Its Curie temperature is 355 °C (671 °F), meaning that bulk nickel is non-magnetic above this temperature. The world's 24th most abundant element, nickel is a transition metal, meaning it occupies the middle of the periodic table of elements. Once it enters the body, nickel targets a number of organs, including the kidneys, lungs, and liver, and produces multiple toxic effects (9, 13). Understanding the mechanisms underlying toxicity initiated by nickel, a ubiquitous environmental contaminant and known human carcinogen is necessary for proper assessment of its risks to human and environment. Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) has determined that Cr(VI) compounds are known to cause cancer in humans [ATSDR 2000]. Very useful, but toxic to humans 6. For an administered dose of nickel chloride in excised human skin, the percent permeation ranges from 0.23 percent (nonoccluded skin) to 3.5 percent (occluded skin). Nickel is a mineral. And also happens to burst into flames when it's in the mood. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substance's toxicologic properties. It may derive from natural sources and anthropogenic activity. Does not cause carbon monoxide toxicity despite the in vivo liberation of CO. Nickel Poisoning. Nickel was discovered by Alex Cronstedt 3. Nickel is a ductile metal, silver in color (for which reason it was mistaken, for a long time, for silver) and relatively hard. Toxicity at the cellular level. In humans, nickel toxicity is influenced by the route of exposure, dose, and solubility of the nickel compound. The unit cell of nickel is a face-centered cube with the lattice parameter of . Nickel metal Illinois toxic substances disclosure to employee act: Nickel metal Illinois chemical safety act: Nickel metal New York release reporting list: Nickel metal . Nickel is a silvery-white metal with a slight golden tinge that takes a high polish. It was initially isolated from cupronickel, but later other sources . The The symptoms of acute exposure to nickel carbonyl occur in two stages, immediate and delayed [1, 9]. The unit cell of nickel is a face-centered cube with the lattice parameter of . Here, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of nickel sulfate (NiSO 4) exposure on the human thyroid follicular epithelial cells (Nthy-ori 3-1) and its underlying toxicological mechanisms.The results showed that NiSO 4 reduced the cell viability of Nthy-ori 3-1 cells in a dose- and . These mechanisms are likely to involve binding of nickel cation to tissue and cellular components, detrimental to their structure and function, and disruption of the homeostasis of essential metals. In the case of human nutrition, the essentiality of Ni has yet to be established. Workers who breathed very large amounts of nickel compounds developed chronic bronchitis and lung and nasal sinus cancers. Disulfiram is another nickel-chelating agent that has been used in nickel dermatitis and also in the case of nickel carbonyl poisoning. Those who drank water containing high amounts of nickel suffered stomach aches and "adverse effects" to their blood and kidneys. 1971; Kinkaid et al. Revised IDLH: 2 ppm Basis for revised IDLH: Based on acute toxicity data in humans [Brief et al. Environmental pollution from nickel may be due to industry, the use of liquid and solid . Most nickel enters the body via food and water consumption, although inhalation exposure in occupational settings is a primary route for nickel-induced toxicity. Most nickel is used to make stainless steel. Most toxic form of nickel. This metal makes it's way to the human body through respiratory tract, digestive system and skin. Decreased survival has been observed in the offspring of rats exposed to nickel in drinking water. For all three compounds, the threshold for lung effects decreased as the duration of exposure increased. Additionally, nickel has been identified as a toxin that severely damages reproductive health and can lead to infertility, miscarriage, birth defects, and nervous system defects. Human . Nickel is a mineral. Questions surrounding their potential to cause toxic effects in humans have been raised. It's important to have yourself tested by professionals that can guide you through the detoxification process that will work for you personally. Nickel is a haemotoxic, immunotoxic, neurotoxic, genotoxic, nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic agent. All the treatments were replicated six times. Skin effects are the most common effects in people who are sensitive to nickel. Is nickel toxic to humans? Exposure can harm the lungs, stomach, and kidneys. Another form of nickel is far worse - nickel tetracarbonyl. Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Hazardous in case of inhalation. 5.3 Acute Toxicity to Experimental Animals 35 . Nickel has the potential to produce a variety of pathologic effects in humans. Shi Z(1). Exposure to nickel may lead to cancer. Acute inhalation exposure of humans to nickel may produce headache, nausea, respiratory disorders, and death (Goyer 1991, Rendall et al. Toxic metals, including excessive levels of essential metals tend to change biological structures and systems into either reversible or irreversible conformations, leading to the derangement of organ functions or ultimate death. Fact Sheets. nickel subsulfide, or nickel oxide. Data on Nickel show that nickel soluble compounds (nickel sulphate, nickel chloride or nickel nitrate) have acute and long term toxicity and produce oxidative stress and long term effects on liver. Nickel is one of the most potent human allergens. Thus, life-threatening toxicity of nickel through oral intake is unlikely. The toxic effects of nickel on the lung were recog-nized first by Agricola in the 16th century. the diverse clinical manifestations of nickel toxicology include: (1) acute pneumonitis from inhalation of nickel carbonyl, (2) chronic rhinitis and sinusitis from inhalation of nickel aerosols, (3) cancers of nasal cavities and lungs in nickel workers, and (4) dermatitis and other hypersensitive reactions from cutaneous and parenteral exposures … 5.3.2 Other studies 36 . Nickel is an industrial and environmental toxic metal, which is toxic to humans in certain forms at high doses. 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